IELTS Reading Test

The Power of Dreams

A

More than two thousand years ago, Marcus Aurelius, the Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher, emphasised the importance of pursuing one's dreams and aspirations. In his famous work "Meditations," he encouraged individuals to set clear goals and to persevere as they work towards them. He believed that having a sense of purpose and direction in life was essential for personal growth and fulfilment. Aurelius stressed that the pursuit of dreams not only leads to individual achievement but also contributes to the betterment of society as a whole. He saw the realisation of dreams as a means to making a positive impact on the world.

B

During the Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci, the ingenious artist and polymath, showed a deep faith in the huge potential for human achievement. His notebooks are full of reflections on the ability to observe, imagine, and persevere in pursuing knowledge and creative endeavours. Leonardo's philosophy celebrated curiosity and determination when pursuing knowledge and saw it as crucial to human flourishing.

C

In the 17th century, John Locke, an English philosopher, argued that individuals have a natural right to pursue their own goals and aspirations, which he viewed as essential to human growth and development. Later, in the 1800’s, another highly influential philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche, wrote about the concept of "becoming who you are." He encouraged individuals to pursue their own unique path and to ignore society’s expectations.

D

In modern times, psychological literature has consistently shown the importance of dreams as motivational drivers. In the late 1980’s, Locke and Latham published their Goal-Setting Theory, which suggested that setting specific and challenging goals leads to higher levels of task performance. These goals provide individuals with a vision of their desired future, creating a sense of purpose and direction.

E

More recently, research by Sheldon and Kasser on Self-Determination Theory emphasised that dreams are closely connected to intrinsic motivation, which is the internal drive that comes from inside an individual. When individuals are actively engaged in chasing their dreams, their motivation is more long lasting and resilient in the face of obstacles. Similarly, the psychologist C.R. Snyder's Theory of Hope highlighted the importance of having clear, attainable goals in building resilience. According to Snyder, dreams give individuals a sense of control over their destinies, letting them navigate challenges with strength and determination.

F

Several more recent studies underscore the importance of dreams in psychological strength. They show that individuals with well-defined dreams exhibit higher levels of psychological adaptability. They have greater coping mechanisms in the face of challenges, using their dreams as anchors that help them in their struggle during difficult times.

G

Psychological research also highlights the connection between having dreams and well-being. The study by Lyubomirsky and Tkach in 2004 suggested that individuals who strive to achieve their dreams experience higher levels of subjective well-being and life satisfaction. They showed that the fulfilment people experience from working towards meaningful goals adds to their feelings of well-being.

H

An alternative view on dreams comes from the research by Ryan and Deci who suggest that the pursuit of one's dreams fits with the psychological need for autonomy and competence. By working towards our dreams we express our power as individuals and are able to develop and perfect new skills. This results in a sense of growth, and personal development and consequently, feelings of satisfaction and happiness.

I

It seems that working towards making dreams come true has a large impact on the way we feel. From ancient philosophers to modern psychologists, great thinkers consistently suggest that dreams serve as important motivational drivers, increasing one's resilience and overall well-being. As we navigate through our careers and personal lives, it is important to help our dreams grow. They are important parts of our psychological makeup and can guide us towards the realisation of our highest aspirations.